Electronics & Communication

The UGC NET 2024 exam is scheduled for June 16, 2024. The exam mode is offline, and the duration is 3 hours. It consists of two papers, Paper 1 with 100 marks and Paper 2 with 200 marks. There is no negative marking in this exam. Candidates who clear the UGC NET 2024 exam can apply for Assistant Professor and JRF positions in Indian universities and colleges.

UGC Electronics & Communication

Programme Details

Experience transformative learning with our dedicated team of educators at Pathfinder Academy. We combine passionate expertise with personalized guidance to empower students of all backgrounds. Our highly-qualified teachers, boasting years of experience, tailor their approach to meet individual needs, fostering scientific exploration and competitive confidence.


Testing Methodology

Commencement of Registration

Commencement of Programme

Early access

Duration of programme

Schedule of classes

Medium

Provision of tests

Scholarships

Personal Mentorship

Interview Guidance

Offline classroom

25 th June 2024

1 st July, 2024 -Noida, NCR

25 th June 2024 onwards

1 Year(5days/week)

9:30 AM to 2:00 PM

A hybrid of English only

Bimonthly (objective patterns)

Get Upto 90%* Scholarship

Included | By faculty members

Included | By field expertes

Electronics & Communication

Offline/online Coaching

Course Fee

₹25000

Including GST + Book + Test Series


Payment and Registration

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Success Redefined



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Kumar Shiv

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Abhilash

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Vinay

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NIT Trichy

Paper 1

  • Teaching: Concept, Objectives, Levels of teaching (Memory, Understanding and Reflective), Characteristics and basic requirements.
  • Learner’s characteristics: Characteristics of adolescent and adult learners (Academic, Social, Emotional and Cognitive), Individual differences.
  • Factors affecting teaching related to: Teacher, Learner, Support material, Instructional facilities, Learning environment and Institution.
  • Methods of teaching in Institutions of higher learning: Teacher centred vs. Learner centred methods; Off-line vs. On-line methods (Swayam, Swayamprabha, MOOCs etc.)
  • Teaching Support System: Traditional, Modern and ICT based.
  • Evaluation Systems: Elements and Types of evaluation, Evaluation in Choice Based Credit System in Higher education, Computer based testing, Innovations in evaluation systems.
  • Research: Meaning, Types, and Characteristics, Positivism and Postpositivistic approach to research.
  • Methods of Research: Experimental, Descriptive, Historical, Qualitative and Quantitative methods.
  • Steps of Research.
  • Thesis and Article writing: Format and styles of referencing.
  • Application of ICT in research. • Research ethics.
  • A passage of text be given. Questions be asked from the passage to be answered.
  • Communication: Meaning, types and characteristics of communication.
  • Effective communication: Verbal and Non-verbal, Inter-Cultural and group communications, Classroom communication
  • Barriers to effective communication
  • Mass-Media and Society.
  • Types of reasoning.
  • Number series, Letter series, Codes and Relationships.
  • Mathematical Aptitude (Fraction, Time & Distance, Ratio, Proportion and Percentage, Profit and Loss, Interest and Discounting, Averages etc.).
  • Understanding the structure of arguments: argument forms, structure of categorical propositions, Mood and Figure, Formal and Informal fallacies, Uses of language, Connotations and denotations of terms, Classical square of opposition.
  • Evaluating and distinguishing deductive and inductive reasoning.
  • Analogies.
  • Venn diagram: Simple and multiple use for establishing validity of arguments.
  • Indian Logic: Means of knowledge.
  • Pramanas: Pratyaksha (Perception), Anumana (Inference), Upamana (Comparison), Shabda (Verbal testimony), Arthapatti (Implication) and Anupalabddhi (Non-apprehension).
  • Structure and kinds of Anumana (inference), Vyapti (invariable relation), Hetvabhasas (fallacies of inference).
  • Sources, acquisition and classification of Data.
  • Quantitative and Qualitative Data.
  • Graphical representation (Bar-chart, Histograms, Pie-chart, Table-chart and Line-chart) and mapping of Data.
  • Data Interpretation.
  • Data and Governance.
  • Basics of Internet, Intranet, E-mail, Audio and Video-conferencing.
  • Digital initiatives in higher education.
  • ICT and Governance.
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  • Development and environment: Millennium development and Sustainable development goals.
  • Human and environment interaction: Anthropogenic activities and their impacts on environment.
  • Environmental issues: Local, Regional and Global; Air pollution, Water pollution, Soil pollution, Noise pollution, Waste (solid, liquid, biomedical, hazardous, electronic), Climate change and its Socio-Economic and Political dimensions.
  • Impacts of pollutants on human health.
  • Natural and energy resources: Solar, Wind, Soil, Hydro, Geothermal, Biomass, Nuclear and Forests.
  • Natural hazards and disasters: Mitigation strategies.
  • Environmental Protection Act (1986), National Action Plan on Climate Change, International agreements/efforts -Montreal Protocol, Rio Summit, Convention on Biodiversity, Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, International Solar Alliance.
  • Institutions of higher learning and education in ancient India.
  • Evolution of higher learning and research in Post Independence India.
  • Oriental, Conventional and Non-conventional learning programmes in India.
  • Professional, Technical and Skill Based education.
  • Value education and environmental education.
  • Policies, Governance, and Administration.

Paper 2

  • Introduction to Semiconductor, energy bands in solids, concept of effective mass, density of states, Fermi levels. PN Junction, Diode equation and diode equivalent circuit, Breakdown in diodes, Zener diode, Tunnel diode, Metal semiconductor junction – Ohmic and Schottky contacts, Characteristics and equivalent circuits of JFET, MOSFET. Low dimensional semiconductor devices – quantum wells, quantum wires, quantum dots. High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT), Solar cells – I-V characteristics, fill factor and efficiency, LED, LCD and flexible display devices. Emerging materials for future Devices: Graphene, Carbon Nano tubes (CNT), ZnO, SiC etc..
  • IC fabrication – crystal growth, epitaxy, oxidation, lithography, doping, etching, isolation methods, metallization, bonding, Thin film deposition and characterization Techniques: XRD, TEM, SEM, EDX, Thin film active and passive devices, MOS technology and VLSI, scaling of MOS devices, NMOS and CMOS structures and fabrication, Characteristics of MOS transistors and threshold voltage, NMOS and CMOS inverters, Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) – structure, charge storage and transfer, Basics of VLSI design, stick diagrams, Layout design rules.
  • Superposition, Thevenin, Norton and Maximum Power Transfer Theorems, Network elements, Network graphs, Nodal and Mesh analysis. Laplace Transform, Fourier Transform and Z-transform. Time and frequency domain response, Passive filters, Two-port Network Parameters : Z, Y, ABCD and h parameters, Transfer functions, Signal representation, State variable method of circuit analysis, AC circuit analysis, Transient analysis, Zero and Poles, Bode Plots. 2 Continuous time signals, Fourier Series and Fourier transform representations, Sampling theorem and applications, Discrete time signal, Discrete Fourier transform (DFT), Fast Fourier transform (FFT), Basic concepts of digital signal processing, digital filters – IIR, FIR
  • Rectifiers, Voltage regulated ICs and regulated power supply, Biasing of Bipolar junction transistors and FETs, operating point and stability, Amplifiers, Classification of amplifiers, Concept of feedback, Hartley, Colpitt’s and Phase Shift oscillators, Operational amplifiers (OPAMP) - characteristics, computational applications, comparators, Schmitt trigger, Instrumentation amplifiers, wave shaping circuits, Phase locked loops, Active filters, Multivibrators, Voltage to frequency convertors (V/F), frequency to voltage convertors (F/V).
  • Logic Families, Logic Gates, Boolean algebra and minimization techniques, Combinational circuits, Programmable Logic Devices (PLD), CPLD, flip-flops, memories, Sequential Circuits: Counters – Ring, Ripple, Synchronous, Asynchronous, Shift registers, multiplexers and demultiplexers, A/D and D/A converters, Analysis and Design of fundamental mode state machines: State variables, State table and State diagram. Sequential PLD, FPGA, Analysis and Design of digital circuits using HDL
  • Introduction of Microprocessor 8086: Architecture, Addressing modes, instruction set, interrupts, Programming, Memory and I/O interfacing. Introduction of Microcontrollers – 8051 for embedded systems, Architecture and register set of Microcontroller 8051, Addressing modes, Instruction set of 8051 – Data transfer instructions, Arithmetic instructions, Logic instructions, bit level and byte level control transfer instructions, 8051 assembly programming – stack operations, subroutines, interrupts, 8051 programming as timer/counter, 8051 serial communication, 8051 interfacing RS232, LED/LCD display, Keyboard , Stepper motor.
  • Electrostatics - vector calculus, Gauss’s Law, Laplace and Poisson’s equations, Magnetostatics – Biot Savert’s law, Ampere’s law and electromagnetic induction, Maxwell’s equations and wave equations, Plane wave propagation in free space, dielectrics and conductors, Poynting theorem, Reflection and refraction, polarization, interference, coherence and diffraction, Transmission lines and waveguides – line equations, impedance, reflections and voltage standing wave ratio, rectangular waveguides. Antennas – retarded potential and Hertzian dipole, half wave antenna, antenna patterns, radiation intensity, gain, effective area and Frii’s free space receiver power equation. 3 Microwave Sources and Devices -Reflex Klystron, Magnetron, TWT, Gunn diode, IMPATT diode, Crystal Detector and PIN diode. Radar – block diagram of Radar, frequencies and power used, Radar range equation.
  • Analog modulation and demodulation - AM, FM and PM, Principle of super heterodyne receiver, Random signals, noise, noise temperature and noise figure, Basic concepts of information theory, Error detection and correction, Digital modulation and demodulation – PCM, ASK, FSK, PSK, BPSK, QPSK and QAM, Time and Frequency-Division Multiplexing, Multiple Access techniques, Data Communications – Modems, Codes, Principles of Mobile and Satellite Communication, Optical communication, Optical sources - LED, spontaneous and stimulated emission, semiconductor Lasers, Detectors – PIN photodiodes, Avalanche photodiodes (APD), Optical fibers – attenuation and dispersion characteristics, Bandwidth, Wavelength division multiplexing. Fundamentals of Internet of Things (IoT) for communication.
  • Power devices – characteristics of SCR, DIAC, TRIAC, power transistors, Protection of thyristors against over voltage and over current. SCR triggering - dv/dt and di/dt, triggering with single pulse and train of pulses, A.C. and D.C. motors - construction and speed control. Switched Mode Power Supply (SMPS). Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS). Open loop and closed loop control system, Block Diagram reduction techniques, transfer function and signal flow diagram, Stability criterion: Routh-Hurwitz and Nyquist plot, On-off controller, Proportional (P), Proportional-Integral (PI), Proportional-Derivative (PD), PID controllers.
  • Transducers – Resistance, Inductance, Capacitance, Piezoelectric, Thermoelectric, Hall effect, Photoelectric, Measurement of displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, torque, strain, temperature, pressure, flow, humidity, thickness, pH. Measuring Equipment – Measurement of R, L and C, Bridge and Potentiometers, voltage, current, power, energy, frequency/time, phase, Digital Multimeters, CRO, Digital Storage Oscilloscope, Spectrum Analyzer., Biomedical Instruments – ECG, EEG, Blood Pressure Measurements, MEMS and its applications Sensors for IoT applications.

UGC NET Exam Pattern For Electronics & Communication 2024

UGC NET exam pattern comprises two papers- Paper 1 and 2. As per the prescribed UGC NET 2025 exam pattern, both papers contain multiple-choice questions (MCQs). Candidates need to complete both papers in a single duration of three hours. Have a look at the detailed UGC NET exam pattern 2025 below. Negative marking 0.5 marks.



UGC NET Electronics & Communication

UGC NET Paper Number of Questions Marks
Paper 1 50 100
Paper 2 100 200
Total 150 300

UGC NET Application Form 2025 Important Dates

The UGC NET application form for 2025 is expected to be released in April 2025, along with its notification. The UGC NET 2025 exam is scheduled from June 10 to 21, 2025, for which admit cards will be issued in May 2025.



UGC NET Application Form 2025 Important Dates
UGC NET 2025 Notification (June Session) 20th April 2025
UGC NET 2025 Online Application Process Started 20th April 2025
UGC NET 2025 Online Application Process Ends 19th May 2025
Correction in the Particulars of Application Form online only 21 May 2025 to 23 May 2025
UGC NET Exam Date 2025 18th June 2025
UGC NET Admit Card 2025 Expected in May 2025


UGC NET 2025 Apply Online

The UGC NET 2025 application form for the UGC NET 2025 exam is available on the official website. Candidates need to double-check the information they enter in their online application forms to avoid issues. After submitting the UGC NET 2025 online application form, the Confirmation Page will be generated only when the candidate completes the payment process successfully. The direct link to apply online is provided below.

Steps to Fill UGC NET Application Form 2025

To apply for the UGC NET 2025 examination in the June 2025 cycle and become eligible for Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) and/or Assistant Professor posts, candidates must follow the steps given below in the online application process. Before appearing in the UGC NET 2025 exam, it is recommended that candidates thoroughly review the UGC NET Eligibility Criteria 2025.
  • Step 1: Visit the official website @ugcnet.nta.nic.in by clicking on the provided UGC NET Application Form 2025 link.
  • Step 2: If you are a new user, initiate the registration process by clicking on the “New Registration” button. Alternatively, if you are a returning user, input your details and click on the “SIGN IN” button.
  • Step 3: Enter the necessary information, including the Application Number, Password, and Security PIN, then proceed by clicking the login button.
  • Step 4: Choose your preferred Exam Centre and the medium of the exam for UGC NET 2025.
  • Step 5: Provide your Aadhar card number, select your gender and category, and indicate your employment and qualifying exam status.
  • Step 6: Complete the section on Educational Details, including your most recent qualification, percentage, etc.
  • Step 7: Provide your communication address, phone number and email ID.
  • Step 8: Upload your photo and signature in jpg/jpeg format with a white background.
  • Step 9: Navigate to the payment page and make the payment for the UGC NET 2025 Exam through online mode.
  • Step 10: Click on the “SUBMIT” button and download the confirmation page for future reference.

UGC NET Application Form 2025 (Upload Photograph and Signature)

Applicants must upload their scanned images and signature in JPEG format, following the specifications mentioned in the table below.

UGC NET Application Fee 2025

Candidates must pay the UGC NET Application Fee to submit their application forms successfully. The application fee payment should be made online through the SBI/HDFC/Syndicate/ICICI/Paytm payment gateway, utilizing debit card/credit card/net banking/UPI. The UGC NET Application Fee for different categories in 2025 is as follows.



Application Fee 2025
General Rs 1150/-
General-EWS/OBC Rs 600/-
SC/ST/PwD Rs 325/-



Eligibility Criteria 2025

Candidates who wish to take the exam should carefully review the eligibility criteria on the NTA’s official website. In addition to providing information on the exam dates, the educational authority also publishes eligibility criteria,

Which are based on the following:

  1. Age Limit and Relaxation
  2. Educational Qualifications
Educational Qualification
Eligibility Criteria 2025
Particulars Details
Educational Qualifications Master’s Degree
Age Limit • 30 years for Junior Research Fellowship
• No age limit for Assistant Professorship
Number of Attempts No limit on attempts
Nationality Indian
Subject Eligibility Subject of Post-Graduation as chosen by the candidate


Educational Qualification

Candidates must have the specified educational qualifications to be eligible to apply for the UGC NET exam in 2025. Aside from age, the educational background of the candidate is another critical eligibility criterion to consider. For a general overview of the UGC NET 2025 educational qualification required to participate in the exam, see the table below:

Category Eligibility Criteria
General/ Unreserved/ General-EWS candidates Candidates in this category must secure a minimum of 55% marks in their Master’s Degree or an equivalent examination from universities/institutions recognized by UGC. Subjects such as Computer Science and Applications, Electronic Science, etc., are eligible for the UGC NET Test.
Other Backward Classes (OBC) OBC candidates, falling under the Non-Creamy Layer, along with SC, ST, PwD, and Third Gender category, require a minimum of 50% marks in their Master’s degree or an equivalent examination to qualify for the UGC NET Test.
Master’s Degree Aspiring candidates currently pursuing a Master’s degree or those who have appeared for their qualifying Master’s degree exams are eligible to apply for the UGC NET Test. However, admission is provisional, and confirmation of eligibility for JRF/Assistant Professor roles is contingent upon completing the Master’s Degree.
Third Gender Category Candidates from the Third Gender category benefit from the same fee, age, and eligibility criteria relaxations as candidates in the SC/ST/PwD categories for the UGC NET Test.
Ph.D. degree holders Ph.D. degree holders, completing their Master’s level examination by 19th September 1991 (regardless of result declaration date), are eligible for a 5% reduction in aggregate marks for the UGC NET Test.
Post-Graduate diploma/ certificate from Indian/ Foreign University Candidates holding a post-graduate diploma/certificate from an Indian University or a Foreign University must ensure its equivalence to a Master’s degree from a recognized Indian university through the Association of Indian Universities (AIU), New Delhi, before applying for the UGC NET Test.




Age Limit

The age limit and relaxation criteria for the Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) and Assistant Professorship in UGC NET 2025 are as follows:

  1. The maximum age for applying for the Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) is 30 years.
  2. There is no specified maximum age limit for applying for the role of Assistant Professor.
  3. Candidates belonging to the Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST), Other Backward Classes (OBC), and Persons with Disabilities (PwD), as well as women candidates, are granted a relaxation of five years in the age limit.
  4. Candidates with research experience will receive age limit relaxation equivalent to the time spent on research in the relevant subject of their Post-Graduation degree.
  5. Individuals holding an LLM degree are eligible for a three-year relaxation in the age criteria.


Age Limit
Category Upper Age Limit
JRF (Junior Research Fellowship) Not more than 30 years as of the 1st day of the month in which the examination is concluded.
Assistant Professor No upper age limit for applying to UGC NET 2025 for the role of Assistant Professor.


The UGC NET 2025 provides age relaxations to candidates, as shown in the table below. It is important to note that these age relaxations only apply to candidates applying for the JRF category.



UGC NET 2025 Age Relaxation
Category Age Relaxations
Candidates pursuing LLM degree 3 years
Ex-Army personnel (Service length up to the first day of the month of the UGC-NET) 5 years
SC/ST/OBC (non-creamy layer)/Female/Transgender 5 years
Research candidates (with a valid certificate from the appropriate authority) 5 years

Admit card and cut-off marks


Admit card
The UGC NET Admit Card 2025 has been available for download on the official website. Candidates who have successfully registered for the exam can access their UGC NET Admit Card 2024 by logging in to their accounts on the UGC NET portal using their credentials. It is advisable for candidates to download and print their admit cards well in advance and carry them to their respective exam centres on the day of their exam.

Cut-off marks
The cut-off marks are expected and may vary based on various factors such as the number of applicants, difficulty level of the exam, and other factors. The table below provides the UGC NET English Expected Cut Off 2024.



UGC NET Electronics & Communication Expected Cut Off 2024
Sub. Sub. Code Category AS Cut-Off JRF & AS Cut-Off
General 92-94 96-99
EWS 90-91 94-97
English 30 OBC (NCL) 89-90 92-94
SC 85-87 90-92
ST 82-84 87-88
There is no upper age limit for appearing in the UGC NET professorship exam. However, for the Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) position, candidates must be below or equal to 30 years of age. Meeting other criteria is essential for candidates to be eligible for the UGC NET exam.
While paper 1 comprises 50 questions and paper 2 comprises 100 questions, all in MCQ format with each question carrying 2 marks, it is important to note that there is no negative marking in the UGC NET exam.
The UGC NET 2024 exam is scheduled to take place from June 10 to June 21, 2024.
Yes, the UGC NET syllabus is slated to change as the University Grants Commission (UGC) plans to update the syllabus for all 83 subjects in alignment with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. The revised NET syllabus is expected to be implemented in June 2024.
The basic eligibility requirement for applicants is to hold a Master's degree in the relevant subject from a recognized university. For the Junior Research Fellowship (JRF), the upper age limit is 30 years, and candidates must have at least 55% marks in their Master's Degree.